Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2002) - Tokelau (2006)

Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2002) z Tokelau (2006)

	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2002)	Tokelau (2006)

Administrative divisions	-	none (territory of New Zealand)
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 42% 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats; fish
Airports	none (2001)	-
Area	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands	total: 10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Rhode Island	about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908 except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. The famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. The islands have large bird and seal populations and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 NM to 200 NM around each island.	Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.
Birth rate	-	NA
Budget	-	revenues: $430,800 expenditures: $2.8 million; including capital expenditures of NA (1987 est.)
Capital	-	none; each atoll has its own administrative center time difference: UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow	tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)
Coastline	NA km	101 km
Constitution	adopted 3 October 1985	administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948; amended in 1970
Country name	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Tokelau
Death rate	-	NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external	-	$0
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is a scientific base	self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelau and New Zealand have agreed to a draft constitution as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand; a UN sponsored referendum on self-governance, in February 2006, did not produce the two thirds majority vote necessary for changing the current political status
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Disputes - international	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands occupied briefly by Argentina in 1982; islands continue to be claimed by Argentina	none
Economic aid - recipient	-	about $4 million annually from New Zealand
Economy - overview	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting fin fish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.	Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - production	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues	NA	very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand
Ethnic groups	-	Polynesian
Exchange rates	-	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002), 2.3788 (2001)
Executive branch	-	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); New Zealand is represented by Administrator David PAYTON (since 17 October 2006) head of government: Kolouei O'BRIEN (2006); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) cabinet: the Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, consisting of three Faipule (village leaders) and three Pulenuku (village mayors), functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term
Exports	-	$0 f.o.b. (2002)
Exports - commodities	-	stamps, copra, handicrafts
Exports - partners	-	New Zealand (2004)
Fiscal year	-	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	the flag of the UK is used	the flag of New Zealand is used
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA%
Geographic coordinates	54 30 S, 37 00 W	9 00 S, 172 00 W
Geography - note	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 21st century, live on South Georgia	consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level
Imports	-	$969,200 c.i.f. (2002)
Imports - commodities	-	foodstuffs, building materials, fuel
Imports - partners	-	New Zealand (2004)
Independence	-	none (territory of New Zealand)
Industries	-	small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing
Infant mortality rate	-	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	NA%
International organization participation	-	PIF (observer), SPC, UNESCO (associate), UPU
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1998 est.)	NA
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau
Labor force	-	440
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	-	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court	New Zealand and local statutes
Legislative branch	-	unicameral General Fono (21 seats; based upon proportional representation from the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; Nukunonu has 6 seats, Fakaofo has 7 seats, Atafu has 8 seats); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono elections: last held January 2005 (next to be held January 2008)
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	-	NA
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America	Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	Antarctic Region	Oceania
Maritime claims	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$66.72 million
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality	-	noun: Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan
Natural hazards	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism	lies in Pacific typhoon belt
Natural resources	fish	NEGL
Net migration rate	-	NA
Political parties and leaders	-	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	none
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2002 est.)	1,392 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-	-0.01% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors	Grytviken	-
Radio broadcast stations	0 (2003)	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA note: 1 radio station provides service to all islands (2002)
Religions	-	Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant
Sex ratio	-	NA
Suffrage	-	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken	general assessment: modern satellite-based communications system; domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations
Telephones - main lines in use	-	300 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	0 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	0 (2003)	-
Terrain	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes	low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons
Total fertility rate	-	NA
Unemployment rate	-	NA%
Waterways	none	-

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